Effect of water temperature on the Growth Performance and feed utilization efficiency of Juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., (1758)
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摘要
This study was conducted in biology laboratory, Hawassa University, Ethiopia, to investigate the effect of different water temperature on the growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus cultured in aquaria. The fish having an average body weight of 4.18g and length of 6.48cm were collected from Lake Chamo and reared at 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 and 34 0C water temperature for 90 days. They were stocked in aquaria at the rate of 10 fish per 50 L of water. The fish were fed 10% of their body weight per day manually with locally available feed having 27% crude protein. At the end of the treatment, the mean total body weight, body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and survival rate were computed and were significantly (p<0.05) affected by different water temperature. The growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of the juvenile Oreochromis niloticus was low at 24, 26 and 34 0C water temperature compared to 28, 30 and 32 0C water temperature. The maximum growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus was observed at 320C water temperature followed by 300C, while the lowest growth performance was observed at 240C water temperature. The growth performance of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus at 28 and 34 0C were similar. However, the colour of the fish reared at 340C water temperature was reddish. This might be due to some physiological disturbance of high water temperature. In addition, there was an early sexual maturation of fish reared at higher water temperature (28-340C).The overall conclusion is that the best growth performance of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus was observed with rang of 28 to 32 0C water temperature, and lower and higher temperature results slow growth performance and lower feed consumption efficiency. This study also demonstrated the possibility of Oreochromis niloticus and other warm fresh water fish culture in the rift valley region of the country where the average temperature is above 26 0C.
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