BENEFICIAL IMPACTS ON IMMUNE RESPONSES AND DISEASE RESISTANCE OF WHITELEG SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) FED DIETARY HERBAL EXTRACTS

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Robert Mutunga

摘要

The present study was conducted to determine the effective herbal extracts of Phyllanthus urinaria and Combretum quadrangulare incorporated into the diets on the health of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A commercially available feed diet was incorporated with a concentration of 1% P.urinaria, 1% C.quadrangulare,1% of a mixture of both 1% P. urinaria and 1% C. quadrangulare Kurz (experimental diets), and no herbal extract (control treatment). Shrimps (1.05±0.33 g) in triplicate groups were fed with the supplemented diets for 4 weeks in a 500 L tank with a stocking density of 70 shrimp/tank. Hematological and immunological parameters (Total hemocyte count, granular cells, hyaline cells, phenoloxidase activity-PO, and immune gene expressions) were evaluated after the feeding trial. The results showed that after 4 weeks of dietary herbal supplementation of 1% P. urinaria (PUE), and 1% mixture of P. urinaria and C. quadrangulare (PUE-CQE) significantly enhanced hematological and immunological parameters (total hemocyte count, granular and hyaline cells, phenoloxidase, lysozyme, and Penaeidin-3). After being challenged against V. parahaemolyticus, cumulative mortality of shrimp in treatment of a 1% mixture of P. urinaria and C. quadrangulare (PUE-CQE) was lower compared to the positive control at 43.6% and 66.7% respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Dietary herbal-supplemented treatments of 1% CQE and 1% PUE were slightly lower than the positive control at 55.6% and 59.5% respectively hence no significant difference (p>0.05). This shows that all the herbal treatments lowered the susceptibility and increased protection against V. parahaemolyticus compared to the positive control. In summary, the results indicate that P. urinaria and C. quadrangulare dietary herbal extracts have beneficial impacts on immune responses and disease resistance in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) against V. parahaemolyticus.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

栏目
Articles

##plugins.generic.shariff.share##

参考

Abdel-Rahim, M., Bahattab, O., Nossir, F., Al-Awthan, Y., Khalil, R. H., and Mohamed, R. (2021). Dietary supplementation of brown seaweed and/or nucleotides improved shrimp performance, health status, and cold-tolerant gene expression of juvenile whiteleg shrimp during the winter season. Marine Drugs, 19(3), 175.

Abdel-Tawwab, M., Abo Selema, T. A. M., Khalil, R. H., El-Sabbagh, N., Eldessouki, E. A. A., Fawzy, R. M., and Abd El-Naby, A. S. (2022). The growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses, and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei fed on diets supplemented with Indian ginseng (Withania somnifera). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 128, 19–27.

Abidin, Z., Huang, H. T., Hu, Y. F., Chang, J. J., Huang, C. Y., Wu, Y. S., and Nan, F. H. (2022). Effect of dietary supplementation with Moringa oleifera leaf extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, immune response, and disease resistance in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 127, 876-890.

Aladaileh, S., Nair, S. V, and Raftos, D. A. (2008). Effects of noradrenaline on immunological activity in Sydney rock oysters. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 32(6), 627–636.

Amoah, K., Liu, H., Dong, X. H., Tan, B. P., Zhang, S., Chi, S. Y., ... and Yang, Y. Z. (2021). Effects of varying dietary black garlic supplementation on the growth, immune response, digestive and antioxidant activities, intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei and its resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Aquaculture Nutrition, 27(5), 1699-1720.

Amparyup, P., Charoensapsri, W., and Tassanakajon, A. (2013). Prophenoloxidase system and its role in shrimp immune responses against major pathogens. Fish and Shellfish Immunology,34(4),9901001.

Anderson, J. L., Diego Valderrama, and Jory, D. E. (2019). GOAL 2019: Global shrimp production review. Global Aquaculture Advocate, November 2019, 2017–2021.

Anderson, J. L., Valderrama, D., and Jory, D. (2017). Shrimp Production Review. Global Outlook for Aquaculture Leadership (GOAL): Dublin, Ireland, 2017. Global AquacultureAlliance,54. /2018/01/Global-Shrimp-Production-Data-Analysis-Dr.-James-Anderson-GOAL-2017.pdf.

Andrino, K. G. S., Serrano, A. E., and Corre, V. L. (2012). Effects of Dietary Nucleotides on the Immune Response and Growth of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). Asian Fisheries Science, 25(2), 180–192.

Angela, C., Wang, W., Lyu, H., Zhou, Y., and Huang, X. (2020). The effect of dietary supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus and Bupleurum chinense on the growth performance, immune-related enzyme activities, and genes expression in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 107, 379-384.

Anh, N. T. N., An, B. N. T., Lan, L. M., and Hai, T. N. (2019). Integrating different densities of white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and red seaweed Gracilaria tenuistipitata in the nursery phase: effects on water quality and shrimp performance. Journal of Applied Phycology, 31(5), 3223–3234.

Awad, E., and Awaad, A. (2017). Role of medicinal plants on growth performance and immune status in fish. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 67, 40–54.

Bachere, E. (2000). Shrimp immunity and disease control. Aquaculture, 191(1–3), 3–11.

Battistella, S., Bonivento, P., and Amirante, G. A. (1996). Hemocytes and immunological reactions in crustaceans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 63(4), 337–343.

Belton, B., Reardon, T., and Zilberman, D. (2020). Sustainable commoditization of seafood. Nature Sustainability, 3(9), 677-684.

Bi, W. J., Li, D. X., Xu, Y. H., Xu, S., Li, J., Zhao, X. F., and Wang, J. X. (2015). Scavenger receptor B protects shrimp from bacteria by enhancing phagocytosis and regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 51(1), 10-21.

Boyd, C. E., D’Abramo, L. R., Glencross, B. D., Huyben, D. C., Juarez, L. M., Lockwood, G. S., McNevin, A. A., Tacon, A. G. J., Teletchea, F., Tomasso, J. R., Tucker, C. S., and Valenti, W. C. (2020). Achieving sustainable aquaculture: Historical and current perspectives and future needs and challenges. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 51(3), 578–633.

Bulfon, C., Volpatti, D., and Galeotti, M. (2015). Current research on the use of plant‐derived products in farmed fish. Aquaculture Research, 46(3), 513-551.

Burge, E. J., Madigan, D. J., Burnett, L. E., and Burnett, K. G. (2007). Lysozyme gene expression by hemocytes of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after injection with Vibrio. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 22(4), 327–339.

Chang, Y.-P., Liu, C.-H., Wu, C.-C., Chiang, C.-M., Lian, J.-L., and Hsieh, S.-L. (2012). Dietary administration of zingerone to enhance growth, non-specific immune response, and resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) juveniles. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 32(2), 284–290.

Charoendat, U., and Koedprang, W. (2019). Effects of crude extract of Phyllanthus urinaria Linn. on growth performance, feed utilization, and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone). Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya Research Journal, 11(3), 519-527.

Chau, D. TM, Hoa, TTT, and Duyen, TTM (2020). Survey on the use of herbs in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) culture in the Mekong Delta. Journal of Science Can Tho University, 56 (6), 227-236.

Chen, M. Y., Hu, K. Y., Huang, C. C., and Song, Y. L. (2005). More than one type of transglutaminase in invertebrates? A second type of transglutaminase is involved in shrimp coagulation. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 29(12), 1003–1016.

Chirawithayaboon, P., Areechon, N., and Meunpol, O. (2020). Hepatopancreatic antioxidant enzyme activities and disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed a diet supplemented with garlic (Allium sativum) extract. Agriculture and Natural Resources, 54(4), 377–386.

Chisholm, J. R., and Smith, V. J. (1995). Comparison of antibacterial activity in the hemocytes of different crustacean species. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 110(1), 39-45.

Chithambaran, S., and David, S. (2014). Antiviral property and growth promoting potential of Punarnava, Boerhaavia diffusa in tiger prawn culture.

Coates, C. J., and Söderhäll, K. (2021). The stress–immunity axis in shellfish. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 186 (October), 107492.

Dangtip, S., Sirikharin, R., Sanguanrut, P., Thitamadee, S., Sritunyalucksana, K., Taengchaiyaphum, S., Mavichak, R., Proespraiwong, P., and Flegel, T. W. (2015). AP4 method for two-tube nested PCR detection of AHPND isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Aquaculture Reports, 2 (November), 158–162.

Dao, N. L. A. (2022). Use of Vietnamese plant extracts in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farming and processing to improve the shelf life of fish fillets.

Dashtiannasab, A. (2020). White spot syndrome virus. In Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens (pp. 717-728). Academic Press.

Dawood, M. A. O., Koshio, S., and Esteban, M. Á. (2018). Beneficial roles of feed additives as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review. Reviews in Aquaculture, 10(4), 950–974.

De Silva, B. C. J., Hossain, S., Wimalasena, S. H. M. P., Pathirana, H. N. K. S., and Heo, G. J. (2018). Putative virulence traits and antibiogram profile of Aeromonas spp. isolated from frozen white-leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) marketed in Korea. Journal of Food Safety, 38(4), 1–10.

De Silva, M. L. I., Ranjula, S., Thanuja, M., Katuwawala, D., and Sumanapala, A. P. (2021). Review on Impacts of Litopenaeus vannamei on Aquaculture. March, 149–170.

De-La-Re-Vega, E., García-Orozco, K. D., Calderón-Arredondo, S. A., Romo-Figueroa, M. G., Islas-Osuna, M. A., Yepiz-Plascencia, G. M., and Sotelo-Mundo, R. R. (2004). Recombinant expression of marine shrimp lysozyme in Escherichia coli. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 7(3), 12-13.

Destoumieux, D., Muñoz, M., Cosseau, C., Rodriguez, J., Bulet, P., Comps, M., and Bachère, E. (2000). Penaeidins, antimicrobial peptides with chitin-binding activity, are produced and stored in shrimp granulocytes and released after microbial challenge. Journal of Cell Science, 113(3), 461–469.

Dhar, A. K., Cruz-Flores, R., Caro, L. F. A., Siewiora, H. M., and Jory, D. (2019). Diversity of single-stranded DNA containing viruses in shrimp. VirusDisease, 30(1), 43–57.

Direkbusarakom, S. (1997). Effect of Phyllanthus spp. against yellow head baculovirus infection in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon.

Direkbusarakom, S., Ezura, Y., Yoshimizu, M., and Herunsalee, A. (1998). Efficacy of Thai traditional herb extracts against fish and shrimp pathogenic bacteria. Fish Pathology, 33(4), 437–441.

EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP). (2013). Guidance on the renewal of the authorization of feed additives. EFSA Journal, 11(10), 3431.

El-Asely, A. M., Shaheen, A. A., Abbass, A. A., Inada, M., Okugawa, S., Tachikawa, Y., ... and Itami, T. (2011). Changes in the immune-related gene expression of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus in response to dietary inclusion of Macrophage Activating Chinese Herbs (MACH). In Proceedings of the 4th Global Fisheries and Aquaculture Research Conference, the Egyptian International Center for Agriculture, Giza, Egypt, 3-5 October 2011 (pp. 295-303). Massive Conferences and Trade Fairs.

El-Saadony, M. T., Swelum, A. A., Ghanima, M. M. A., Shukry, M., Omar, A. A., Taha, A. E., ... and Abd El-Hack, M. E. (2022). Shrimp production, the most important diseases that threaten it, and the role of probiotics in confronting these diseases: a review. Research in veterinary science, 144, 126–140.

European Commission, 2009. Commission Regulation (EC) No 710/2009 of 5 August 2009 Amending Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 Laying down Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007, as Regards Laying down Detailed Rules on Organic Aquaculture Animal and Seaweed Production. Off. J. Eur. Union. 204, 15-34.

F. A. O. (2006). State of world aquaculture 2006. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 500. 500, 134 p.-134 p.

FAO. (2020). World Fisheries and Aquaculture, FAO: Rome,2020. https://www.fao.org/3/ca9229en/online/ca9229en.html#chapter-1_1.

FAO. (2022). COVID-19 pandemic impacts on Asia and the Pacific. In COVID-19 pandemic impacts on Asia and the Pacific.

FAO. (2022). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022. Towards Blue Transformation. Rome, FAO.

Fernandes, S. (2019). Halotolerant bacteria as probiotics in shrimp aquaculture (Doctoral dissertation, Goa University).

Flegel, T. W. (1998). Advances in Shrimp Biotechnology Special Session on Shrimp Biotechnology 5th Asian Fisheries Forum the National Center for. In Science and Technology.

Flegel, T. W. (2006). Detection of major penaeid shrimp viruses in Asia, a historical perspective with emphasis on Thailand. Aquaculture, 258(1–4), 1–33.

Ford, S. E., Kanaley, S. A., and Littlewood, D. T. J. (1993). Cellular responses of oysters infected with Haplosporidium nelsoni: changes in circulating and tissue-infiltrating hemocytes. Journal of invertebrate pathology, 61(1), 49-57.

Ge, H., Li, J., Chen, P., Liang, Z., Ren, H., and Li, D. (2014). The immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio parahaemolyticus under stress caused by ammonia nitrogen at different concentrations. Fish Sci Prog, 35, 76-82.

Gianazza, E., Eberini, I., Palazzolo, L., and Miller, I. (2021). Hemolymph proteins: An overview across marine arthropods and molluscs. Journal of Proteomics, 245, 104294.

Giri, S. S., Sen, S. S., Chi, C., Kim, H. J., Yun, S., Park, S. C., and Sukumaran, V. (2015). Effect of cellular products of potential probiotic bacteria on the immune response of Labeo rohita and susceptibility to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 46(2), 716–722.

Giulianini, P. G., Bierti, M., Lorenzon, S., Battistella, S., and Ferrero, E. A. (2007). Ultrastructural and functional characterization of circulating hemocytes from the freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus: cell types and their role after in vivo artificial non-self-challenge. Micron, 38(1), 49-57.

Han, J. E., Lee, S. C., Park, S. C., Jeon, H. J., Kim, K. Y., Lee, Y. S., Park, S., Han, S. H., Kim, J. H., and Choi, S. K. (2020). Molecular detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei and Vibrio parahaemolyticus-associated acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Southeast Asian Penaeus vannamei shrimp imported into Korea. Aquaculture, 517, 734812.

Hien, N., Thi Lan Huong, N., Dinh Chuong, V., Thi Viet Nga, N., Hong Quang, P., Thi Viet Hang, B., Van, N., and Van Long, N. (2016). Status of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and other emerging diseases of penaeid shrimps in Viet Nam. Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center., 330, 88–95.

Holland, M. C. H., and Lambris, J. D. (2002). The complement system in teleosts. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 12(5), 399–420.

Hong, P. N., and San, H. T. (1993). Mangroves of Vietnam (Vol. 7). Iucn.

Hong, X., Lu, L., and Xu, D. (2016). Progress in research on acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). Aquaculture International, 24 (2), 577–593.

Hose, J. E., and Martin, G. G. (1989). Defense functions of granulocytes in the ridgeback prawn Sicyonia ingentis. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 53(3), 335-346.

Huang, H. T., Liao, Z. H., Wu, Y. S., Lin, Y. J., Kang, Y. S., and Nan, F. H. (2022). Effects of Bidens alba and Plectranthus amboinicus dietary supplements on nonspecific immune responses, growth, and resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus in white leg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Aquaculture, 546, 737306.

Huang, H., Pan, L., Pan, S., and Song, M. (2018). Effects of dietary herbal formulae combined by Astragalus polysaccharides, chlorogenic acid, and allicin in different combinations and proportions on growth performance, non-specific immunity, antioxidant status, vibriosis resistance, and damage indexes. Aquaculture Research, 49(2), 701–716.

Huyen, HM, Hai, TN, Hoa, TTT, and Viet, LQ (2020). Effect of herbal extracts on growth, nonspecific immunity, and disease resistance of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Journal of Science Can Tho University, 56 (5), 150-159.

Isnani, R. A., Huyen, H. M., Duyen, T. T. M., and Hoa, T. T. T. (2021). Dietary supplementation with Phyllanthus urinaria and Terminalia catappa enhances innate immunity and resistance to white spot syndrome virus in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). AACL Bioflux, 14(6), 3566–3582.

Johansson, M. W., and Söderhäll, K. (1996). The Prophenoloxidase Activating System and Associated Proteins in Invertebrates BT - Invertebrate Immunology (B. Rinkevich and W. E. G. Müller (Eds.); pp. 46–66). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Johansson, M. W., Keyser, P., Sritunyalucksana, K., and Söderhäll, K. (2000). Crustacean haemocytes and hematopoiesis. Aquaculture, 191(1–3), 45–52.

Joshi, J., Srisala, J., Truong, V. H., Chen, I. T., Nuangsaeng, B., Suthienkul, O., Lo, C. F., Flegel, T. W., Sritunyalucksana, K., and Thitamadee, S. (2014). Variation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from a single Thai shrimp farm experiencing an outbreak of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). Aquaculture, 428–429, 297–302.

Kim, N. T. Q., Van Hien, H., Doan Khoi, L. N., Yagi, N., and Lerøy Riple, A. K. (2020). Quality management practices of intensive whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming: A Study of the Mekong delta, Vietnam. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(11).

Kongton, K., Phongdara, A., Tonganunt-Srithaworn, M., and Wanna, W. (2011). Molecular cloning and expression analysis of the interferon-γ-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase gene from the shrimp Penaeus monodon. Molecular Biology Reports, 38, 3463-3470.

Kulkarni, A., Krishnan, S., Anand, D., Kokkattunivarthil Uthaman, S., Otta, S. K., Karunasagar, I., and Kooloth Valappil, R. (2021). Immune responses and immunoprotection in crustaceans with special reference to shrimp. Reviews in Aquaculture, 13(1), 431–459.

Kumar, R., Ng, T. H., and Wang, H. C. (2020). Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in penaeid shrimp. A Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(3), 1867–1880.

Kumar, V., Nguyen, D. V., Baruah, K., and Bossier, P. (2019). Probing the mechanism of VP AHPND extracellular proteins toxicity purified from Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND strain in germ-free Artemia test system. Aquaculture, 504, 414–419.

Kumar, V., Roy, S., Behera, B. K., Bossier, P., and Das, B. K. (2021). Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease: Virulence, pathogenesis, and mitigation strategies in Shrimp aquaculture. Toxins, 13(8), 1–28.

Lai, H. C., Ng, T. H., Ando, M., Lee, C. T., Chen, I. T., Chuang, J. C., ... and Wang, H. C. (2015). Pathogenesis of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp. Fish and shellfish immunology, 47(2), 1006-1014.

Le Cao, Q. (2007). The development and sustainability of shrimp culture in Viet Nam. Species and system selection for sustainable aquaculture, 283-294.

Le Moullac, G., Le Groumellec, M., Ansquer, D., Froissard, S., and Levy, P. (1997a). Hematological and phenoloxidase activity changes in the shrimp Penaeus stylirostris in relation with the moult cycle: Protection against vibriosis. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 7(4), 227–234.

Le Moullac, G., Le Groumellec, M., Ansquer, D., Froissard, S., and Levy, P. (1997b). Haematological and phenoloxidase activity changes in the shrimp Penaeus stylirostris in relation with the moult cycle: Protection against vibriosis. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 7(4), 227–234.

Li, E., Wang, X., Chen, K., Xu, C., Qin, J. G., and Chen, L. (2017). Physiological change and nutritional requirement of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at low salinity. Reviews in Aquaculture, 9(1), 57-75.

Li, S., and Li, F. (2020). The Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factors in Crustaceans. Sub-cellular biochemistry, 94, 63–80.

Liao, I. C., and Chien, Y. H. (2011). The pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in Asia: The world’s most widely cultured alien crustacean. In the wrong place-alien marine crustaceans: Distribution, biology, and impacts, 489-519.

Lightner, D. V. (2011). Status of shrimp diseases and advances in shrimp health management. Diseases in Asian Aquaculture VII. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Selangor, Malaysia, 121-134.

Lightner, D. V., Redman, R. M., Pantoja, C. R., Tang, K. F. J., Noble, B. L., Schofield, P., ... and Navarro, S. A. (2012). Historic emergence, impact, and current status of shrimp pathogens in the Americas. Journal of invertebrate pathology, 110(2), 174-183.

Lin, X., and Söderhäll, I. (2011). Crustacean hematopoiesis and the astakine cytokines. Blood, 117(24), 6417–6424. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-11-320614.

Linga Prabu, S. Chandrasekar, K. Ambashankar, J. Syama Dayal, Sanal Ebeneezar, K. Ramachandran, M. Kavitha, P. Vijayagopal, Effect of dietary Syzygium cumini leaf powder on growth and non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) and defense against a virulent strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Aquaculture, Volume 489,2018, Pages920, ISSN00448486.

Liu, F., Shao, G. Y., Tian, Q. Q., Cheng, B. X., Shen, C., Wang, A. M., ... and Yu, Y. B. (2021). Enhanced growth performance, immune responses, immune-related gene expression, and disease resistance of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) fed dietary glycyrrhizic acid. Aquaculture, 533, 736202.

Luu, Q. H., Nguyen, T. B. T., Nguyen, T. L. A., Do, T. T. T., Dao, T. H. T., and Padungtod, P. (2021). Antibiotics use in fish and shrimp farms in Vietnam. Aquaculture Reports, 20, 100711.

Macusi, E. D., Estor, D. E. P., Borazon, E. Q., Clapano, M. B., and Santos, M. D. (2022). Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts of Shrimp Farming in the Philippines: A Critical Analysis Using PRISMA. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(5), 1–19.

Maftuch, Prasetio, E., Sudianto, A., Rozik, M., Nurdiyani, R., Sanusi, E., Nursyam, H., Fariedah, F., Marsoedi, and Murachman. (2013). Improvement of innate immune responses and defense activity in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.) by intramuscular administration of the outer membrane protein Vibrio alginolyticus. SpringerPlus, 2(1), 432.

Mariita, R. M., Ogol, C. K. P. O., Oguge, N. O., and Okemo, P. O. (2011). Methanol extract of three medicinal plants from samburu in northern Kenya shows significant antimycobacterial, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. Research Journal of Medicinal Plant, 5(1), 54–64.

Medzhitov, R., and Janeway, C., Jr (2000). Innate immunity. The New England journal of medicine, 343(5), 338–344

Men, T. T., Yen, H. K., Lan, H. T. C., Son, N. H., Khang, D. T., and Tuan, N. T. (2022). Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities of Ethanol Extract from Combretum quadrangulare Collected in Vietnam. International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences, 11(3), 59–64.

Naylor, R. L., Hardy, R. W., Buschmann, A. H., Bush, S. R., Cao, L., Klinger, D. H., and Troell, M. (2021). A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture. Nature, 591(7851), 551-563.

Ng, W. K., Mong, M. L., and Abdul-Hamid, A. A. (2023). Dietary montmorillonite clay improved Penaeus vannamei survival from acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease and modulated stomach microbiota. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 115581.

Ngo, H. V. T., Huang, H. T., Lee, P. T., Liao, Z. H., Chen, H. Y., and Nan, F. H. (2020). Effects of Phyllanthus amarus extract on nonspecific immune responses, growth, and resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 107, 1–8.

Ngoc, Q. N., Minh, T. N., Van, M. L., Hoang, D. P., and Trung, T. N. (2021, December). Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of Combretum quadrangulare Kurz Leaves Grown in An Giang Province, Vietnam. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 939, No. 1, p. 012060). IOP Publishing.

Nopsiri, W., Chansakaow, S., Putiyanan, S., Natakankitkul, S., and S Santiarworn, D. (2014). Antioxidant and anticancer activities from leaf extracts of four Combretum species from northern Thailand. Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences, 13(2), 195-205.

Pipe, R. K., and Coles, J. A. (1995). Environmental contaminants influencing immune function in marine bivalve molluscs. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 5(8), 581–595.

Pourmozaffar, S., Hajimoradloo, A., and Miandare, H. K. (2017). Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune-related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish and shellfish immunology, 60, 65-71.

Prabu, D. L., Chandrasekar, S., Ambashankar, K., Dayal, J. S., Ebeneezar, S., Ramachandran, K., ... and Vijayagopal, P. (2018). Effect of dietary Syzygium cumini leaf powder on growth and non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) and defense against virulent strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Aquaculture, 489, 9-20.

Prager, E. M., and Jolles, P. (1996). Animal lysozymes c and g: an overview. Exs, 75, 9-31.

Prathomya, P., Hussein, H. A., Tran, N. T., Duan, Y. H., Peng, S. H., Xu, Y., ... and Wang, G. T. (2019). Effects of dietary supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract mixture on growth performance, hematological parameters and hepatopancreatic performance in juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Aquaculture Research, 50(9), 2707-2717.

Qin, Z., Babu, V. S., Wan, Q., Zhou, M., Liang, R., Muhammad, A., ... and Lin, L. (2018). Transcriptome analysis of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) challenged by Vibrio parahaemolyticus reveals unique immune-related genes. Fish & shellfish immunology, 77, 164-174.

Ramírez-Castillo, E. R., Arellano-Martínez, M., Ceballos-Vázquez, B. P., González-Ocampo, H. A., Aguirre-Guzmán, G., and Luna-González, A. (2011). Immune response of Lion’s paw Scallop Nodipecten subnodosus (Sowerby, 1835) Challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus. Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 41(4), 425–432.

Ringø, E. (2020). Probiotics in shellfish aquaculture. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 5(1), 1-27.

Robinson, M. J., Sancho, D., Slack, E. C., LeibundGut-Landmann, S., and Sousa, C. R. E. (2006). Myeloid C-type lectins in innate immunity. Nature immunology, 7(12), 1258-1265.

Roch, P. (1999). Defense mechanisms and disease prevention in farmed marine invertebrates. Aquaculture, 172(1–2), 125–145.

Rodrı́guez, J., and Le Moullac, G. (2000). State of the art of immunological tools and health control of penaeid shrimp. Aquaculture, 191(1), 109–119.

Roy, R., Singh, R. K., Jash, S. K., Sarkar, A., and Dilip Gorai. (2014). Combretum quadrangulare (Combretaceae): Phytochemical Constituents and Biological activity. Indo-American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(8), 3416–3427.

Santhosh, P., Kamaraj, M., Saravanan, M., and Nithya, T. G. (2023). Dietary supplementation of Salvinia cucullata in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to enhance the growth, nonspecific immune responses, and disease resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Fish and shellfish immunology, 132, 108465.

Schmittgen, T. D., and Livak, K. J. (2008). Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative CT method. Nature Protocols, 3(6), 1101–1108.

Sequeira, T., Tavares, D., and Arala-Chaves, M. (1996). Evidence for circulating hemocyte proliferation in the shrimp Penaeus japonicus. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 20(2), 97–104.

Shinn, A. P., Pratoomyot, J., Griffiths, D., Trong, T. Q., Vu, N. T., Jiravanichpaisal, P., and Briggs, M. (2018). Asian shrimp production and the economic costs of disease. Asian Fish. Sci. S, 31, 29-58.

Shinn, A., Pratoomyot, J., Jiravanichapisal, P., Delannoy, C., Kijphakapanith, N., Paladini, G., and Griffiths, D. (2016). Counting the cost of the aquatic disease in Asia. Aquac. Asia Pacific, 12, 14-18.

Sivagnanavelmurugan, M., Thaddaeus, B. J., Palavesam, A., and Immanuel, G. (2014). Dietary effect of Sargassum wightii fucoidan to enhance growth, prophenoloxidase gene expression of Penaeus monodon, and immune resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 39(2), 439-449.

Sivakumar, A. T. and K. A. (2017). Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles from leaf extract of Phyllanthus urinalia. L. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences AND Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(8), 544–533.

Smith, V. J., Brown, J. H., and Hauton, C. (2003). Immunostimulation in crustaceans: Does it really protect against infection? Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 15(1), 71–90.

Söderhäll, K., and Cerenius, L. (1992). Crustacean immunity. Annual Review of Fish Diseases, 2, 3–23.

Song, Y. L., and Li, C. Y. (2014). Shrimp immune system - Special focus on penaeidin. Journal of Marine Science and Technology (Taiwan), 22(1), 1–8.

Soowannayan, C., Boonmee, S., Puckcharoen, S., Anatamsombat, T., Yatip, P., Ng, W. K., ... and Withyachumnarnkul, B. (2019). Ginger and its component shogaol inhibit Vibrio biofilm formation in vitro and orally protect shrimp against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). Aquaculture, 504, 139-147.

Soto-Rodriguez, S. A., Gomez-Gil, B., Lozano-Olvera, R., Betancourt-Lozano, M., and Morales-Covarrubias, M. S. (2015). Field and experimental evidence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus as the causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease of cultured shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in northwestern Mexico. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 81(5), 1689–1699.

Sritong, D., Hanbanjong, A., Isariyodom, S., Ingkagoon, A., and Sangvaranont, A. (2005). Anthelmintic efficacy of Diospyros mollis, Combretum quadrangulare, and Euphorbia heterophylla on adult Ascaridia galli in layers. In Proceedings of 43rd Kasetsart University Annual Conference, Thailand, 1-4 February 2005. Subject: Animals (pp. 323-328). Kasetsart University.

Su, C., Fan, D., Pan, L., Lu, Y., Wang, Y., and Zhang, M. (2020). Effects of Yu-Ping-Feng polysaccharides (YPS) on the immune response, intestinal microbiota, disease resistance, and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 105(March), 104–116.

Subramanian, D., Jang, Y. H., Kim, D. H., Kang, B. J., and Heo, M. S. (2013). Dietary effect of Rubus coreanus ethanolic extract on immune gene expression in white leg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Fish & shellfish immunology, 35(3), 808-814.

Suleman, S., Andayani, S., and Yuniarti, A. (2018). The Effect of Ulva lactuta Polysaccharide Extract on Total Haemocyte Count and Phagocytic Activity of L. vannamei. Research Journal of Life Science, 5(3), 156-162.

Syahidah, A., Saad, C. R., Daud, H. M., and Abdelhadi, Y. M. (2015). Status and potential of herbal applications in aquaculture: A review. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 14(1), 27–44.

Tang, K.F.J., Bondad-Reantaso, M.G., Arthur, J.R., MacKinnon, B., Hao, B., Alday-Sanz, V., Liang, Y., and D. (2020). Shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual. In Shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual (Vol. 1190, Issue December).

Tassanakajon, A., Somboonwiwat, K., Supungul, P., and Tang, S. (2013). Discovery of immune molecules and their crucial functions in shrimp immunity. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 34(4), 954–967.

Thien Nguyen Pharmaceutical Joint Company (Ed.). (2019, November 21). Active ingredients that make the effect of Cao Diep Chau. Thien Nguyen Pharmaceutical Joint Company. Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://thiennguyen.net.vn/thanh-phan-hoat-chat-lam-nen-tac-dung-cua-cao-diep-ha-chau.html.

Thitamadee, S., Prachumwat, A., Srisala, J., Jaroenlak, P., Salachan, P. V., Sritunyalucksana, K., and Itsathitphaisarn, O. (2016). Review of current disease threats for cultivated penaeid shrimp in Asia. Aquaculture, 452, 69-87.

Tran, L., Nunan, L., Redman, R. M., Mohney, L. L., Pantoja, C. R., Fitzsimmons, K., and Lightner, D. V. (2013). Determination of the infectious nature of the agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome affecting penaeid shrimp. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 105(1), 45–55.

Tran, T. M. D., Nguyen, T. T., and Tran, T. T. H. (2021). In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts against fish bacterial pathogens. Can Tho University Journal of Science, 13, 106-112.

Trejo-Flores, J. V., Luna-González, A., Álvarez-Ruiz, P., Escamilla-Montes, R., Fierro-Coronado, J. A., Peraza-Gómez, V., Flores-Miranda, M. D. C., Diarte-Plata, G., and Rubio-Castro, A. (2018). Immune-related gene expression in Penaeus vannamei fed aloe vera. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 46(4), 756–764.

Walker, P. J., and Winton, J. R. (2010). Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp. Veterinary research, 41(6).

Wang, Y.-C., Chang, P.-S., and Chen, H.-Y. (2008). Differential time-series expression of immune-related genes of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in response to dietary inclusion of β-1,3-glucan. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 24(1), 113–121.

Wu, C.-C., Chang, Y.-P., Wang, J.-J., Liu, C.-H., Wong, S.-L., Jiang, C.-M., and Hsieh, S.-L. (2015). Dietary administration of Gynura bicolor (Roxb. Willd.) DC water extract enhances immune response and survival rate against Vibrio alginolyticus and white spot syndrome virus in white shrimp Litopeneaus vannamei. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 42(1), 25–33.

Yakubu, Y., Talba, A. M., Chong, C. M., Ismail, I. S., and Shaari, K. (2020). Effect of Terminalia catappa methanol leaf extract on nonspecific innate immune responses and disease resistance of red hybrid tilapia against Streptococcus agalactiae. Aquaculture Reports, 18, 100555.

Yap, W. G. (1999). Shrimp culture: a global overview. SEAFDEC Asian Aquaculture, 21(4), 18–21.

Zacarias, S., Fegan, D., Wangsoontorn, S., Yamuen, N., Limakom, T., Carboni, S., Davie, A., Metselaar, M., Little, D. C., and Shinn, A. P. (2021). Increased robustness of postlarvae and juveniles from non-ablated Pacific whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, broodstock post-challenged with pathogenic isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VpAHPND) and white spot disease (WSD). Aquaculture, 532, 736033.

Zheng, W., and Chen, X. (2006). Cloning and expression analysis of interferon-γ-inducible-lysosomal thiol reductase gene in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Molecular immunology, 43(13), 2135-2141.

##plugins.generic.recommendByAuthor.heading##

1 2 > >>