Current ecological scenario of some Rift Valley lakes of Ethiopia: A review
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Lakes Ziway and Abijata are found in the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley and form a complex and vulnerable hydrological system with unique ecological characteristics; they are well-known for their biodiversity. The most important components of the water resources of the lakes are precipitation and river inflow and the lakes are used for smallholder to large scale agriculture, domestic water use, fishery, industrial water use and associated eco-tourism. Due to the suitability of environmental conditions and other infrastructures in the area, different organizations have started development projects in the area. The major threats that are common and need due attention are water use conflict; unplanned land use; pollution; deforestation; urbanization and population migration for the demand of resources; wetlands fragmentation and others. Recent water abstractions for irrigation and soda ash production have drastically changed both the lake level and its ecology. Thus, issues of appropriate management systems are urgently needed for sustainable development of the resources.
Detalles del artículo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Cómo citar
##plugins.generic.shariff.share##
Referencias
Alemayehu T., Tenalem A., and Kebede S. (2006). Hydrogeochemical and lake level changes in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Journal of Hydrology, 316, 290-300.
Amare M. (2008). Assessment of Lake Ziway Water Balance. M.Sc Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Pp 125, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Balarin, J.D. (1986). National reviews for aquaculture development in Africa. Ethiopia. FAO, Fish. Circ., (770.9):109 p.
Feoli, E. and Zerihun, W. (2000). Fuzzy set analysis of the Ethiopian rift valley vegetation in relation to anthropogenic influences. Plant Ecology, 147, 219-225.
Gashaw, H. (1999). Hydrochemistry of waters in Lake Ziway area. 25th WEDC Conference. Integrated Development for Water Supply and Sanitation.
Gilbert, E., Travi. Y, Massault M., Chernet T., Barbecot F. and Laggoun-Defarge F. (1999). Comparing Carbonate and Organic AMS-14C Ages in Lake Abijata Sediments (Ethiopia): Hydrochemistry and Paleoenvironmental Implications Radiocarbon, Volume 41, 271.
Hailu D., Hess M. and Tenalem A. (1996). The problem of high rise groundwater in Amibara Irrigation Project, Middle Awash Basin. Ethiopian Science and Technology Commission, Unpublished report, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Halcrow. (1989). Master Plan for the Development of Surface Water Resources in the Awash Basin, vol. 6. Ministry of Water Resources, Addis Ababa.
ILEC [International Lake Environment Committee Foundation], 2001. Data Book of World Lake Environments. Volume 2: Africa.
Kassahun W. (1982). Comparative limnology of Lake Abijatta and Lake Langano in relation to primary and secondary production. M.Sc Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Kebede E., Zinabu G.M. and Ahlgren I. (1994). The Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Chemical Characteristics of a salinity-alkalinity series. Hydrobiologia, 288, 1-12.
Legesse, D., Vallet-Coulomb C. and Gasse F.(2004). Analysis of the hydrological response of a tropical terminal lake, Lake Abijata (Main Ethiopian Rift Valley) to changes in climate and human activities. Hydrological Process, 18, 487-504.
Nicholson, S. H., Yin, X., and Ba, M. B. (2000). On the feasibility of using a lake water balance model to infer rainfall: an example from Lake Victoria. Hydrol. Sci. J. 45(1), 75-96.
Tenalem Ayenew (2004). Environmental implications of changes in the levels of lakes in the Ethiopian Rift since 1970. Regional Environmental Change, 4, 12-204.
Tenalem A. (2002). Numerical groundwater flow modeling of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift lakes basin. SINET: Ethiopian J. Science.
Tenalem A. (1998) The hydrogeological system of the Lake District Basin, Central Main Ethiopian Rift. PhD Thesis, Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sene. K. J. (2000) Theoretical estimates for the influence of Lake Victoria on flows in the upper White Nile. Hydrol. Sci. J. 45(1), 125 -146.
Turdu, C. L., Tiercelin, J. J., Gilbert, E., Travi, Y., Lessar, K. E., Richert, J. P., Massault, M., Gasse, F., Bonnefille, R., Decobert, M., Gensous, B., Jeudy, V., Tamirat, E., Mohammed, M. U., Martens, K., Atnafu, B., Cherenet, T., Williamson, D., and Taieb, M. (1999). The Ziway-Shala lake basin system, Main Ethiopian Rift: Influence of Volcanism, techtonics, and climate forcing on basin formation and sedimentation. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, 150, 135-177.
Vallet-Coulomb, C., Legesse D., Gasse F., Y. Travi and T. Chernet, 2001. Lake evaporation estimates in tropical Africa (Lake Ziway, Ethiopia). Journal of Hydrology, 245, 1-18.
Welcomme, R.L. (1972). The inland waters of Africa. CIFA Technical Papers 1, 117 pp.
Wood, R. B. and Tailing, J. F. (1988) Chemical and algal relationship in a salinity series of Ethiopian inland waters. Hydrobiologia, 15, 29 -67.
Yin, X., Nicholson, S. E, and Ba, M. B. (2000). On the diurnal cycle of cloudiness over Lake Victoria and its influence on evaporation from the Lake. Hydrol. Sci. J. 45(3), 407-424.
Zinabu, Gebremariam, Kebede E. and Desta Z. (2002). Long-term changes in chemical features of waters of seven Ethiopian rift-valley lakes. Hydrobiologia, 477, 81-91.